什麼才是好生意?可口可樂,打造偉大公司的30條經驗
原標題:可口可樂,一門精耕百年的好生意
可口可樂公司創立於1886年,光緒年間的百年保健飲料老字號,世界上品牌價值最高,也是盈利能力最強的公司之一。
創業者經常會觸碰到一個話題:什麼是一個好生意?
看kan起qi來lai世shi界jie上shang有you兩liang種zhong好hao生sheng意yi,一yi種zhong是shi搭da乘cheng了le科ke技ji的de快kuai車che和he人ren文wen的de進jin步bu,例li如ru蘋ping果guo,亞ya馬ma遜xun和he耐nai克ke,一yi種zhong是shi俘fu獲huo了le人ren性xing的de弱ruo點dian,比bi如ru萬wan寶bao路lu,麥mai當dang勞lao和he可ke口kou可ke樂le。商shang業ye世shi界jie也ye沒mei有you非fei黑hei即ji白bai,大da多duo如ru今jin家jia喻yu戶hu曉xiao的de公gong司si也ye都dou做zuo到dao了le精jing準zhun地di拿na捏nie人ren性xing,最zui大da化hua的de使shi用yong科ke技ji杠gang杆gan,以yi及ji成cheng為wei時shi代dai潮chao流liu的de捕bu手shou。
我對可口可樂上癮,所以我對這家公司也非常感興趣。在我的Ins賬號的備注裏最後一個標簽我寫著"coke addict",congxiaoxuewunianjiqi,danaolijiushenshenyinxialeyundongwanhexiayizhengpingkekoukeledehuanshuang。wodeshentirangwoduizhegepinpaiyouzhejinhuzongjiaobandezhongcheng,yiqierangniganjiaodaojishikuailededongxidouhenrongyirangrenshangyin。suiranyoutansuan,suiranduotang,danshikekoukeledaibiaozhekuaile,shuibuzhidaozheyidianne?
zuijinduwanleliangbenxiekekoukeledeshu,lejielezhegegongsidefajiashixijie,caimingbaikekoukeleqishishishijieshangzuidadekafeiyinshengyi。shide,bikafeipinpaihaiyaodadekafeiyinshengyi。yijiduwanzheliangbenshu,rangwosikaoshijieshangdaodiyouduoshaochenggongdegongsi,jishishangrenhetouzijiamenzuimengmeiyiqiude“好生意”(good business),也是對人類有益的“好”生意(good-willed business)。
一、《上帝、國家和可口可樂》
第一本書叫做《上帝、國家和可口可樂》(For God, Country, and Coca-Cola,Mark Pendergrast,2000),全書的精華在附錄部分,總結了可口可樂打造偉大公司的30條經驗。

01
銷售一個好產品
Sell a good product
如ru果guo其qi中zhong含han有you一yi兩liang種zhong很hen少shao劑ji量liang,讓rang人ren上shang癮yin的de藥yao用yong物wu質zhi的de話hua,整zheng體ti效xiao果guo就jiu更geng好hao了le。產chan品pin本ben身shen並bing不bu需xu要yao會hui說shuo話hua或huo者zhe會hui飛fei,但dan它ta必bi須xu具ju有you實shi用yong的de、被廣泛認可的功效。
And if it contains a small dose of an additive drug or two, all the better. The product doesn't have to talk or fly, but it does have to perform some useful, universally appreciated function.
02
信仰自己的產品
Believe in your product
把自己的產品當作一個偶像,把自己的工作當作傳教。
Make your product an icon and your job a religious vocation.
03
培養產品神秘感
Develope a mystique
神秘撩人而又有些許罪惡感,最容易銷售出去。
An air of mystery, with a touch of sin, sells.
04
銷售低成本生產的產品
Sell a cheaply produced item
可口可樂的生產成本總是還不到1美分。
Coca-Cola has always cost only a fraction of a cent per drink to produce.
05
讓產業鏈條上的所有人一起跟隨你掙錢
這樣的成功會帶來感激和忠誠
Such success fostered gratitude and devotion
在產品被最終消費者購買之前,任何參與了產品生產,流通到銷售環節的人/公司都能夠獲得豐厚利潤
Everyone who touches your product before it reaches the consumer should make substantial amounts of money.
06
讓所有人都買得起你的產品
Make your product affordable to everyone
在經濟大蕭條時期,因為可口可樂的低價策略,反而愈發繁榮。
Coke has usually survived and even thrived during hard economic times.
07
讓你的產品無處不在
Make your product widely available
讓我們把遠離可口可樂變成不可能的事情。
Let's make it impossible to ever escape Coca-Cola.
08
巧妙的營銷你的產品
Market your product wisely
在什麼時間、什麼地點、以怎麼樣的方式做市場營銷和廣告宣傳,極大的決定了產品最後是否會成功。
How, when, and where you market and advertise your product will ultimately determine its success.
09
營銷一種形象,而不是一個產品
Advertise an image, not a product
人們在乎的是這個產品能為他們做什麼,而不是產品本身。
It isn't what a product is, but what it does.
10
歡迎主要競爭對手的存在
Welcome an arch-rival
競爭讓我們與我們的競對都變的摩拳擦掌,也讓我們變得更精悍。雙方的競爭讓整個市場的銷量變得更好。
Competition keeps us, and them, on our toes and keeps us lean. Publicity fostered by fierce competition is good for sales.

11
明智地請明星代言,但是也要有節製
Use celebrity endorsements wisely—but sparingly
過度請明星代言的風險是消費者隻會記住明星而忘記了產品。可口可樂的廣告裏,產品永遠是主角。
There are dangers, however, in relying too heavily on celebrity endorsements. For one thing, viewers may remember more about the star than the product. Coca-Colas has always remained the real star of its commercials.
12
產品要迎合人類共通的心願
Appeal to universal human desires
可口可樂的廣告語說出了全世界人民的願望,"喝可口可樂,你會更自信、更快樂、更受歡迎、更性感、更年輕、更歲月靜好。
The Coke message has universal appeal—by drinking this product, you will be self-assured, happy, popular, sexy, youthful, and well coordinated.
13
抓住年輕一代
Get 'em young
抓住年輕消費者,他們就非常有可能變成你的終身客戶。
If you can achieve loyalty among youthful consumers, you're possibly fostered lifelong consumption.
14
加強地方文化敏感性
Develop cultural sensitivity
可(ke)口(kou)可(ke)樂(le)公(gong)司(si)在(zai)發(fa)展(zhan)過(guo)程(cheng)中(zhong),與(yu)地(di)方(fang)性(xing)富(fu)商(shang)簽(qian)訂(ding)瓶(ping)裝(zhuang)工(gong)廠(chang)合(he)同(tong)鼓(gu)勵(li)產(chan)品(pin)的(de)生(sheng)產(chan)都(dou)在(zai)地(di)方(fang)完(wan)成(cheng),從(cong)品(pin)牌(pai)到(dao)包(bao)裝(zhuang)都(dou)具(ju)有(you)一(yi)定(ding)地(di)方(fang)特(te)色(se)。所(suo)以(yi)可(ke)口(kou)可(ke)樂(le)公(gong)司(si)也(ye)能(neng)明(ming)確(que)地(di)指(zhi)出(chu)自(zi)己(ji)對(dui)地(di)方(fang)經(jing)濟(ji)的(de)貢(gong)獻(xian)。
The company signed bottling contracts with prominent natives and encouraged the development of a soft drink infrastructure so that the trucks, bottles, pallets, and signs were all produced by local firms. (……) Thus, the company could proudly and accurately point out how much it contributed to local economies.
15
雇傭凶悍的律師
Hire aggresive lawyers
如果你想成功,你無疑需要厲害的律師保護你的知識產權,你的品牌以及嚇跑潛在的層出不窮的競爭者。
If you succeed, you will undoubtedly need lawyers to protect your trademark, defend your good name, and scare off potential competitors.
16
別違法
Don't break the law
有時候公司會在危險的邊緣試探,以及破壞規則,但是做違法的事情會給公司的聲譽帶來損害。
There is no percentage in illegal activities which could besmirch the company's good name.
17
成為施加影響力的專家
Become masters of influence
雖sui然ran不bu做zuo違wei法fa的de事shi情qing,但dan也ye不bu意yi味wei著zhe你ni必bi須xu像xiang天tian使shi一yi樣yang善shan良liang。不bu要yao濫lan用yong你ni的de影ying響xiang力li去qu涉she足zu過guo多duo的de政zheng治zhi,或huo者zhe期qi待dai從cong政zheng者zhe家jia獲huo得de過guo多duo優you待dai。
Just because you don't break the law doesn't mean you must sit back and act like an angel. Do not, however, abuse your influence by asking too much of politicians.
18
做好長遠打算,堅韌不拔地耐心
Be patient but implacable: plan for the long haul
不要為了短期的收益犧牲了長遠的目標。
Do not be seduced into pursuing short-term gains at the expense of long-term vision.
19
堅持簡單的原則
Adhere to simple commandments
天賦異稟的人往往著眼於宏大遠景但是聚焦在一些不變的真相上。
Genious lay in looking at the big picture and in concentrating on a few elemental truths.
20
保持靈活,與時俱進
Be flexible enough to change
世界屬於不滿足於現狀的人。我們總是在變化中生存。
The world belongs to the discontented. We live nervous.

21
不要消極的使用防禦性廣告
Don't use defencive, negative advertising
每次不得不應對百事可樂的競爭的時候,你其實是為競爭對手在做廣告。
Maybe for others, comparative ads make sense. Maybe. You're still giving your opponent free publicity, however.
22
隻有必要時才多元化
Diversify only when necessary
baochizhuanzhu,erbushimangmukuochong。zaizhegeguojia,renmenpubianrenweiniyongyoulianggezuodeyibanbandeshengyi,bizhizuohaoyigeshengyiyaogenghao。yinweiqianzhekanqilaishizaifensanfengxian,zheqishitingchede。
There's a perception in this country that you're better off if you're in two lousy business than if you're in one good one, that you're spreading your risk. That's silly.
23
關注財務底線
Pay attention to the bottom line
最後你會發現,利潤遠比市場份額重要。
Profits are more important than share-of-market.
24
讓員工緊張起來
Terrify your employees
在一個公司裏,一定程度的緊張和焦慮有助於激發員工最大的潛力。
A certain degree of anxiety and tension has to exist for people to function at the highest level of their potential.
25
內部提拔人才
Promote from within
可ke口kou可ke樂le公gong司si最zui好hao的de經jing理li們men,幾ji乎hu無wu一yi例li外wai的de都dou是shi內nei部bu層ceng層ceng培pei養yang和he提ti拔ba上shang來lai的de,他ta們men充chong分fen理li解jie公gong司si的de願yuan景jing和he使shi命ming,是shi浸jin潤run在zai可ke口kou可ke樂le糖tang漿jiang裏li成cheng長chang起qi來lai的de一yi代dai。
The best managers, almost without exception, have come up though the ranks, inculcated with the company mission. They have received the transfusion of Coke syrup.
26
所有的公眾曝光都是好曝光
All publicity is good publicity
很多時候負麵的曝光和批評的聲音,最後也會幫助品牌成長。
Even negative publicity can ultimately help a well-stretched product.
27
有效使用現金
Use cash wisely
如果你確信可以通過投資帶來巨大的收益,借債才是必要的。一個簡單的例子,回購自己的股票,從而繼續拉高自己的股票價格。
It made sense to borrow money if you could then re-invest it at a substantially higher rate of return. One simple method: repurchase your own stock, thereby driving the price further up.
28
形成合資企業
Form joint ventures
kekoukelebuyongyoupingzhuanggongchang,ershiguangfanchengliheziqiyefensanchengbenyali,tongshizhanyoushichang。yongyoushitizichandepingzhuanggongchangdelirunkongjianyuanbikekoukelegongsigengzhai,tamenzifuyingkui。pingzhuanggongchangzhiyougengxiangyigedulidechuangyegongsicainengbiaoxiandegenghao。
Thou shalt not own bottling plants. The bottlers, whose profit margin was narrower than the company, prospered on their own. The conventional wisdom held that bottlers performed better as independent entrepreneurs. The company never purchases more than a 49 percent interest, however, which keeps the bottlers off the company balance sheet.
29
全球化眼光,本土化運作
Think globally, but act locally
全球市場複雜多樣,不同區域必須有因地製宜的本土化方針。
Different strategies must be applied to different locations.
30
營造社會企業光環效應
Pursue the halo effect
chengweiyigeshehuiqiye,huigeigongsidailaijudadeshehuijiazhi,tongguocishanshiye,huanbaoxianfengxingdong,zhichishaoshurenqundequanyi,jiaoyuchuangxin,yijifuchiluohouguojiadegongzhongshiye,duigongsishengyuheyewufazhandouyoushouyi。
It also really does promote good causes, through philanthropy, support of minority programs, educational innovation, and relief aid in troubled countries. It's the right thing to do, and it's very right for business, too.
二、《可口可樂帝國 - 一部資源掠奪史》
第二本書叫做《可口可樂帝國 - 一部資源掠奪史》(Citizen Coke, The Making of Coca-Cola Capitalism, Bartow J Elmore),這本書從可口可樂的發明人-- 美國藥劑師約翰·彭(peng)博(bo)頓(dun)創(chuang)業(ye)階(jie)段(duan)說(shuo)起(qi),從(cong)打(da)造(zao)可(ke)口(kou)可(ke)樂(le)所(suo)需(xu)要(yao)的(de)主(zhu)要(yao)自(zi)然(ran)資(zi)源(yuan)來(lai)講(jiang)述(shu)這(zhe)家(jia)公(gong)司(si)如(ru)何(he)把(ba)一(yi)個(ge)人(ren)們(men)本(ben)來(lai)不(bu)需(xu)要(yao)的(de)產(chan)品(pin),變(bian)成(cheng)幾(ji)乎(hu)所(suo)有(you)人(ren)都(dou)渴(ke)望(wang)的(de)超(chao)級(ji)飲(yin)料(liao),還(hai)有(you)那(na)些(xie)藏(zang)在(zai)配(pei)方(fang)背(bei)後(hou)不(bu)想(xiang)讓(rang)人(ren)知(zhi)道(dao)的(de)商(shang)業(ye)秘(mi)密(mi)。

分享書裏兩段有意思的瞬間。
01
可口可樂起源於美國人對“神奇藥水”的追求
以山寨一款藥酒起家
近代社會100多年來,人性並沒有多少變化,人們崇拜神奇的物質,希望可以長生不老。可口可樂就起源於美國“保健品”行(xing)業(ye)的(de)黃(huang)金(jin)時(shi)代(dai),科(ke)學(xue)還(hai)未(wei)啟(qi)蒙(meng),騙(pian)子(zi)成(cheng)為(wei)富(fu)商(shang)。在(zai)這(zhe)一(yi)點(dian)上(shang),後(hou)來(lai)中(zhong)國(guo)飲(yin)料(liao)的(de)霸(ba)主(zhu)娃(wa)哈(ha)哈(ha)和(he)農(nong)夫(fu)山(shan)泉(quan)都(dou)致(zhi)敬(jing)了(le)可(ke)口(kou)可(ke)樂(le),以(yi)保(bao)健(jian)品(pin)起(qi)家(jia),後(hou)進(jin)入(ru)到(dao)利(li)潤(run)率(lv)驚(jing)人(ren)的(de)瓶(ping)裝(zhuang)水(shui)行(xing)業(ye)。
可口可樂的山寨對象叫做維馬利安尼酒(Vin Mariani),由法國製藥學家Angelo Mariani在1863年研製成功,並且在19世紀70年代成為歐美上流社會的網紅飲料。這款酒由波爾多紅酒加入“神藥”可卡因製成,能給人們帶來“精神刺激和生理衝擊”。Angelo Mariani通tong過guo自zi己ji廣guang泛fan的de人ren脈mai和he醫yi藥yao銷xiao售shou網wang絡luo,很hen快kuai讓rang這zhe款kuan藥yao酒jiu成cheng為wei當dang時shi的de潮chao牌pai,上shang至zhi英ying女nv王wang,美mei國guo總zong統tong和he教jiao皇huang都dou為wei其qi背bei書shu,並bing且qie賺zhuan取qu了le巨ju大da的de財cai富fu

19世紀70年代,在美國偏遠南方的一名藥劑師約翰·彭博頓,第一次聽說馬利安尼酒以及其中的神奇物質-古柯 (Coca), 這是在南美幾千年來被人們食用的 “草藥”,可以“治療百病”,甚至“通靈”。
於是當時窮困潦倒並且還沾染上吸食嗎啡的藥劑師彭博頓,想做一個山寨的生意,調配自己廉價版本的“法式古柯酒” (French Wine Coca), 他利用自己的專業知識嚐試不同的配方,但是主要物質就是南美的古柯和西非的柯拉果粉末(Cola)。經過幾個月的努力,可口可樂的原型誕生了,其實Coca-Cola 本名就應該叫做 “古柯-柯拉果”保健飲。
彭博頓的法式保健酒剛剛開始在亞特蘭大流行,好景不長就碰上了1885年nian的de禁jin酒jiu令ling。政zheng策ce難nan不bu倒dao創chuang業ye者zhe,彭peng博bo頓dun選xuan擇ze創chuang造zao一yi種zhong無wu酒jiu精jing配pei方fang,把ba酒jiu精jing替ti換huan成cheng水shui,調tiao配pei成cheng一yi種zhong蘇su打da飲yin料liao,非fei常chang適shi合he南nan方fang潮chao熱re的de夏xia天tian。新xin配pei方fang裏li有you肉rou豆dou蔻kou,肉rou桂gui油you等deng不bu同tong的de調tiao味wei劑ji和he香xiang草cao,依yi然ran保bao留liu了le古gu柯ke和he柯ke拉la果guo粉fen,這zhe兩liang種zhong物wu質zhi提ti供gong了le足zu夠gou的de咖ka啡fei因yin和he少shao量liang可ke卡ka因yin,並bing且qie加jia入ru了le大da量liang的de蔗zhe糖tang。

神奇保健成分+咖啡因+zhetang,zhegepeifangzugourangkekoukelebianchengleyizhongzhenfenrenxindeyinliao。yinweibahongjiutihuanchenglejiqilianjiadeshui,bingqiehoulaizhixiaoshoutangjiangjixujiangdiyunshuchengben,pengbodunfaxiantakeyiyihendidejiagexiaoshoutadechanpinqiangzhanshichang。dangshiyipingweimaliannijiu(Vin Mariani)要賣1美元,而可口可樂飲料隻需要5美分,簡直不要太便宜,這個價格後來也保留了幾十年不變,可口可樂靠價格優勢和下沉市場(美國南方)打開了一扇大門。
可以看到,可口可樂就像很多創業公司的產品,早期非常具有“攻擊性”(agressiveness), 也就是說它是個“有話題,有爭議,也能打”的彪悍產品。
創(chuang)始(shi)人(ren)沒(mei)有(you)重(zhong)新(xin)發(fa)明(ming)一(yi)個(ge)新(xin)產(chan)品(pin),而(er)是(shi)在(zai)現(xian)有(you)的(de)流(liu)行(xing)商(shang)品(pin)之(zhi)上(shang)做(zuo)創(chuang)新(xin),注(zhu)重(zhong)產(chan)品(pin)的(de)口(kou)味(wei)和(he)設(she)計(ji),這(zhe)是(shi)可(ke)口(kou)可(ke)樂(le)能(neng)超(chao)出(chu)當(dang)時(shi)繁(fan)多(duo)的(de)競(jing)爭(zheng)對(dui)手(shou)最(zui)重(zhong)要(yao)的(de)一(yi)點(dian)。
彭peng博bo頓dun最zui早zao開kai始shi銷xiao售shou可ke口kou可ke樂le時shi,選xuan擇ze了le與yu當dang地di比bi較jiao有you聲sheng望wang的de公gong司si合he作zuo,作zuo為wei自zi己ji的de渠qu道dao,一yi方fang麵mian保bao證zheng穩wen定ding的de銷xiao售shou,一yi方fang麵mian對dui於yu創chuang業ye公gong司si需xu要yao這zhe樣yang的de合he作zuo方fang抬tai高gao自zi己ji的de品pin牌pai價jia值zhi,讓rang消xiao費fei者zhe信xin任ren自zi己ji的de品pin質zhi。
02
可口可樂是最成功輕資產運作的品牌公司
蘋果公司和可口可樂的一個共同之處,就是他們深諳輕資產運作品牌之道。
再說回到可口可樂的“伯樂”,是另一位亞特蘭大的藥劑師阿薩·坎德勒。彭博頓晚年為了“變現”,把可口可樂賣給了阿薩·坎德勒。阿薩·坎kan德de勒le做zuo製zhi藥yao生sheng意yi起qi家jia,當dang時shi他ta跟gen很hen多duo商shang人ren一yi樣yang在zai市shi場chang上shang尋xun找zhao購gou買mai流liu行xing的de秘mi製zhi藥yao品pin。當dang他ta在zai一yi個ge冷leng飲yin店dian第di一yi次ci嚐chang到dao可ke口kou可ke樂le的de時shi候hou,他ta被bei打da動dong了le。
在阿薩·坎(kan)德(de)勒(le)的(de)眼(yan)裏(li),他(ta)找(zhao)到(dao)了(le)一(yi)種(zhong)夢(meng)寐(mei)以(yi)求(qiu)的(de)超(chao)級(ji)產(chan)品(pin),可(ke)以(yi)說(shuo)服(fu)任(ren)何(he)一(yi)個(ge)人(ren)嚐(chang)試(shi)並(bing)且(qie)立(li)刻(ke)得(de)到(dao)他(ta)們(men)的(de)喜(xi)歡(huan)。後(hou)來(lai)在(zai)坎(kan)德(de)勒(le)的(de)帶(dai)領(ling)下(xia),可(ke)口(kou)可(ke)樂(le)組(zu)建(jian)了(le)一(yi)個(ge)“銷售鐵軍”,其實隻有不到20個ge人ren,五wu年nian之zhi內nei就jiu把ba可ke口kou可ke樂le糖tang漿jiang推tui銷xiao到dao了le全quan美mei國guo各ge州zhou的de市shi場chang。可ke口kou可ke樂le迅xun速su通tong過guo自zi己ji建jian立li的de小xiao分fen銷xiao商shang係xi統tong擴kuo大da市shi場chang份fen額e。後hou來lai的de故gu事shi,當dang時shi隻zhi銷xiao售shou糖tang漿jiang的de可ke口kou可ke樂le又you通tong過guo分fen銷xiao商shang發fa現xian了le增zeng長chang的de新xin路lu徑jing--瓶裝。
當時來自田納西州的兩名年輕律師,托馬斯和懷特黑德找到阿薩·坎kan德de勒le簽qian署shu了le一yi份fen瓶ping裝zhuang可ke口kou可ke樂le的de特te許xu權quan合he同tong,後hou來lai證zheng明ming這zhe兩liang個ge年nian輕qing商shang人ren的de精jing明ming,他ta們men轉zhuan手shou又you把ba地di方fang特te許xu權quan合he同tong專zhuan賣mai給gei其qi他ta地di方fang瓶ping裝zhuang公gong司si,迅xun速su開kai拓tuo了le瓶ping裝zhuang可ke口kou可ke樂le全quan國guo的de版ban圖tu,從cong中zhong大da賺zhuan了le一yi筆bi。

事實上,托馬斯和懷特黑德的公司“並沒有屬於自己的實物資產,僅僅促成了可口可樂糖漿供應商與瓶裝可口可樂加盟商之間的生意”,特(te)許(xu)經(jing)營(ying)費(fei)變(bian)成(cheng)了(le)巨(ju)大(da)的(de)利(li)潤(run),幾(ji)乎(hu)一(yi)夜(ye)暴(bao)富(fu),而(er)真(zhen)正(zheng)投(tou)入(ru)建(jian)立(li)瓶(ping)裝(zhuang)工(gong)廠(chang)成(cheng)本(ben)的(de)是(shi)各(ge)地(di)的(de)加(jia)盟(meng)商(shang),隨(sui)之(zhi)產(chan)生(sheng)的(de)風(feng)險(xian)也(ye)是(shi)由(you)加(jia)盟(meng)商(shang)承(cheng)擔(dan)。很(hen)多(duo)美(mei)國(guo)各(ge)個(ge)州(zhou)政(zheng)商(shang)資(zi)源(yuan)豐(feng)富(fu)的(de)地(di)方(fang)家(jia)族(zu),都(dou)開(kai)始(shi)了(le)一(yi)門(men)新(xin)生(sheng)意(yi) -- 在(zai)當(dang)地(di)成(cheng)為(wei)可(ke)口(kou)可(ke)樂(le)公(gong)司(si)的(de)加(jia)盟(meng)分(fen)銷(xiao)商(shang)。這(zhe)些(xie)地(di)方(fang)家(jia)族(zu)又(you)幫(bang)助(zhu)可(ke)口(kou)可(ke)樂(le)實(shi)現(xian)了(le)本(ben)地(di)化(hua),搞(gao)定(ding)了(le)難(nan)以(yi)搞(gao)定(ding)的(de)政(zheng)府(fu)關(guan)係(xi)和(he)地(di)方(fang)渠(qu)道(dao)資(zi)源(yuan)。後(hou)來(lai)涉(she)及(ji)到(dao)的(de)利(li)益(yi)關(guan)係(xi)越(yue)來(lai)越(yue)龐(pang)大(da),也(ye)讓(rang)可(ke)口(kou)可(ke)樂(le)麵(mian)對(dui)美(mei)國(guo)法(fa)律(lv)部(bu)門(men)製(zhi)裁(cai)的(de)時(shi)候(hou),背(bei)後(hou)總(zong)有(you)“高人”相助度過難關。
瓶裝商使可口可樂真正變成了一種美國大街小巷隨處可見的“國民飲料”,也給公司總部上了一課:不bu做zuo任ren何he重zhong資zi產chan投tou資zi,與yu更geng多duo的de小xiao商shang家jia利li益yi綁bang定ding,共gong同tong銷xiao售shou,公gong司si總zong部bu隻zhi負fu責ze品pin牌pai營ying銷xiao,擴kuo大da市shi場chang規gui模mo,同tong時shi保bao證zheng穩wen定ding的de低di價jia的de生sheng產chan產chan品pin,留liu出chu足zu夠gou的de利li潤run空kong間jian給gei整zheng個ge利li益yi關guan係xi鏈lian共gong同tong賺zhuan錢qian。
yishangzhishikekoukeleyibaiduonianlishidangzhongzuizaodeshanguangdian,houlaizhejiagongsihaijinglilewushushenqirencaideshenlaizhibiyijiqisihuisheng。kekoukelezhenzhengdebileibushitademifangheyingxiaoshu,ershishijian。
這(zhe)本(ben)書(shu)的(de)末(mo)尾(wei)作(zuo)者(zhe)提(ti)出(chu)一(yi)個(ge)問(wen)題(ti),我(wo)們(men)今(jin)天(tian)覺(jiao)得(de)理(li)所(suo)應(ying)當(dang)似(si)乎(hu)會(hui)永(yong)遠(yuan)存(cun)在(zai)的(de)可(ke)口(kou)可(ke)樂(le),在(zai)這(zhe)個(ge)時(shi)代(dai),還(hai)會(hui)一(yi)直(zhi)屹(yi)立(li)不(bu)倒(dao)嗎(ma)?當(dang)你(ni)知(zhi)道(dao)可(ke)口(kou)可(ke)樂(le)其(qi)實(shi)一(yi)直(zhi)是(shi)一(yi)個(ge)管(guan)道(dao),把(ba)源(yuan)源(yuan)不(bu)斷(duan)的(de)糖(tang)和(he)咖(ka)啡(fei)因(yin)運(yun)送(song)到(dao)你(ni)的(de)體(ti)內(nei),你(ni)還(hai)會(hui)一(yi)直(zhi)選(xuan)擇(ze)它(ta)嗎(ma)?當(dang)你(ni)知(zhi)道(dao)這(zhe)家(jia)遵(zun)循(xun)19世紀永恒擴張信念的公司,在21世紀依然在全世界範圍內攫取寶貴的自然資源生產廉價的肥宅快樂水,你還會一直選擇這種快樂嗎?
其實這些問題60年代的人想過,80年(nian)代(dai)的(de)人(ren)也(ye)想(xiang)過(guo),新(xin)一(yi)代(dai)決(jue)心(xin)步(bu)可(ke)口(kou)可(ke)樂(le)後(hou)塵(chen)的(de)公(gong)司(si)也(ye)已(yi)經(jing)開(kai)始(shi)湧(yong)現(xian),是(shi)否(fou)讓(rang)人(ren)廉(lian)價(jia)的(de)成(cheng)癮(yin)才(cai)是(shi)好(hao)生(sheng)意(yi)唯(wei)一(yi)的(de)通(tong)途(tu),就(jiu)留(liu)給(gei)新(xin)一(yi)代(dai)公(gong)司(si)去(qu)書(shu)寫(xie)曆(li)史(shi)了(le)。


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